Understanding iron deficiency
ID is one of the most common and widespread nutritional disorder in the world, and is defined as a condition in which there are no mobilisable iron stores and signs and/or symptoms of a compromised supply of iron to tissues.2 The more severe stages of ID are associated with anaemia, therefore iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is regarded as a subset of iron deficiency and is used to screen for ID.2 The terms anaemia, ID, and IDA are sometimes used interchangeably.2 There are, however, mild-to-moderate forms of ID in which, although anaemia is absent, tissues are still functionally impaired.2
ID prevalence in adults is 4-12% dependent on age and sex,2 whereas IDA has a prevalence 2–5% among adult men and postmenopausal women.2